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Last updated: 9/26/02

   

   

   



Marx ca. 1875

Karl Marx (1818-1883), philosopher, political thinker, journalist, and author of the Manifesto of the Communist Party (1848) and The Capital (1867-83)

Marx took several years of Greek and Latin in high school. Photocopies of essays he wrote in these languages for his exit exams [Abitur] in 1835 are available in the Museum Karl-Marx-Haus in Trier (Germany), where he was born. He studied Law, History, and Philosophy in Bonn and Berlin. In 1841, he received his Ph.D. "in absentia" from the University of Jena for a dissertation on ancient Greek philosophy, entitled The Difference between the Democritean and Epicurean Philosophy of Nature.



Marx in 1839

As political editor of the liberal Rheinische Zeitung in Cologne, he fled to Paris and Brussels when this paper was banned in 1843. During the German revolution of 1848/49, Marx returned to Cologne, but when the democratic movement failed, he had to emigrate permanently. He spent the rest of his life in London, where he wrote his main work, The Capital.






 

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