Hobbes’ Context

	Political	Religious	Economic
1628-1640	Divine right of Kings and personal Rule of Charles I at court v. Consultative role of 2 Houses of Parliament (Lords & Commons) in an elite mixed regime	King Charles I and Archbishop William Laud (1633on) impose (Catholicizing) Anglican v. Protestant Puritanism (Presbyterian and Independent)	King has absolute right and all other property claims are by his political permission v. Absolute private property right and taxation by Parliament consent
1640 – Short Parliament 1642-49 – Long Parliament 1642 – 1^st civil war 1647 – Putney Debates 1648 – 2^nd civil war 1649 – Charles executed	Monarch v. Mixed Protestant Mixed Regime elite view v. Radical popular Democratic call for 1 House of Parliament (Commons), By Levelers Such as John Lilburne with enlarged suffrage and even inclusion of women	Presbyterian Doctrine and Discipline v. Independents and radical Sectaries and tolerationists Including some odd sisenting groups such as the Ranters Independents v. Presby and Sectaries and Tolerationists	Absolute private property right and taxation by Parliament consent (Presb and Independents) v. small mens rights and redistribution (Levelers) v. communism (True Levelers, Diggers)
1649-53 – Commonwealth established	Commonwealth v. Royalist and Radical critics	Puritan Independents	Property protected
1654-58	Cromwellian Protectorate v. Royalist and Radical critics	Puritan Independents	Property protected
1659-60- Restoration of Monarchy,	Charles II	Protestant Toleration	Property Protected